De la precariedad letal a la innovación colaborativa: una revisión sistemática del periodismo de investigación en América Latina (2000 a 2025)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26441/RC25.2-2026-4591Palabras clave:
periodismo de investigación, América Latina, Revision Sistemática, Prisma2020Resumen
Propósito. El periodismo de investigación en América Latina se ejerce en un contexto marcado por la violencia letal, el lawfare y la precariedad, que amenazan su supervivencia y su rol democrático. Esta revisión sistemática integra, por primera vez, un análisis DAFO, una sistematización multidimensional de los desafíos y un examen de buenas prácticas para fortalecer su viabilidad. Metodología. Siguiendo el protocolo PRISMA 2020, se realizó una búsqueda en WoS y Scopus (2000-2025), con un corpus final de 23 estudios empíricos revisados por pares. Se aplicó el MMAT para evaluar la calidad metodológica y un análisis temático inductivo-deductivo para sintetizar los datos. Resultados y conclusiones. El DAFO identifica la resiliencia y la colaboración transfronteriza como fortalezas, frente a amenazas estructurales y debilidades económicas. Los desafíos técnicos y éticos se entrelazan con la violencia y la dependencia de fondos extranjeros. Las buenas prácticas destacan la seguridad integral, la hibridación datos-narrativa y las alianzas. La evidencia apunta a un desplazamiento del modelo del reportero individual hacia una resiliencia colectiva y en red. Sin sostenibilidad institucional, el campo arriesga su capacidad de accountability democrática. Aportes originales. El texto constituye una de las primeras revisiones conformes a PRISMA que articula un marco integrado DAFO-desafíos-buenas prácticas y genera evidencia accionable para políticas de protección, modelos de financiación autónoma y estrategias de resiliencia en la región.
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Anexos
Anexo 1: Protocolo completo utilizado para la revisión: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31742713
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